Panic Disorder

Panic disorder involves recurring, unexpected panic attacks — sudden periods of intense fear with physical symptoms like racing heart, shortness of breath, and dizziness. The fear of future attacks can significantly limit daily life.

Prevalence

Panic disorder affects approximately 6 million American adults. It is twice as common in women as in men.

Symptoms of Panic Disorder

• Sudden intense fear
• Racing or pounding heart
• Shortness of breath
• Chest pain or tightness
• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Sweating and shaking
• Fear of dying or losing control
• Avoidance of panic triggers

Types of Panic Disorder

• Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia
• Panic Disorder without Agoraphobia

Evidence-Based Treatment Options

• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
• Interoceptive exposure
• Breathing retraining
• SSRIs and SNRIs
• Benzodiazepines (short-term)
• Panic disorder workbooks (self-help)

When to Seek Help

If you have had multiple unexpected panic attacks and live in fear of the next one, seek evaluation from a therapist or physician to rule out medical causes and begin treatment.

Recovery Outlook

CBT for panic disorder has a success rate of 70–90%. Most people see significant improvement within 10–20 sessions.