Substance Abuse

Substance use disorders involve a problematic pattern of use of alcohol, drugs, or other substances that leads to significant impairment in daily functioning. Addiction is a complex brain disorder that responds well to evidence-based treatment.

Prevalence

About 20.4 million Americans aged 12 or older had a substance use disorder in 2019. Only 10% received specialized treatment.

Symptoms of Substance Abuse

• Loss of control over use
• Continuing use despite negative consequences
• Cravings and urges
• Tolerance (needing more for same effect)
• Withdrawal symptoms when stopping
• Neglecting responsibilities

Types of Substance Abuse

• Alcohol Use Disorder
• Opioid Use Disorder
• Stimulant Use Disorder
• Cannabis Use Disorder
• Sedative Use Disorder
• Polysubstance Use

Evidence-Based Treatment Options

• Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT)
• Naltrexone, buprenorphine/naloxone for opioids
• Acamprosate, naltrexone for alcohol
• Individual counseling
• Group therapy
• 12-step programs (AA, NA)
• Residential rehab
• SAMHSA helpline (1-800-662-4357)

When to Seek Help

If substance use is affecting your health, relationships, finances, or legal standing, seek help from a substance abuse counselor or call SAMHSA's free helpline.

Recovery Outlook

Recovery is possible. Research shows that MAT combined with counseling and support is the most effective treatment for opioid and alcohol use disorders.